Yahaya, T., Bello, S., Izuafa, A., Inuwa, F., Boku, U. I., & Nathaniel, J. (2026). Heavy metal contamination, physicochemical properties, and environmental health risks of soils affected by rice mill effluents in Birnin Kebbi, Nigeria. Journal of Environmental Science, Health & Sustainability, 2(2), 174–186. https://doi.org/10.63697/jeshs.2026.10075